What is/Removal of Melanoma
A melanoma is a cancerous tumor that has formed in the cells which produce melanin (the pigment that colors the skin, hair and eyes). Melanomas are the most serious form of skin cancer.  Melanomas are typically treated by surgically removing the tumor (also called a resection). Most resections for melanoma are done in an office as an outpatient procedure (rather than a hospital) using local anesthesia (numbing of the area). Large melanomas may require more extensive surgery and the removal of a larger and deeper area of skin, so surgeons may create skin flaps or use skin grafts (removing skin from another area of the body) to reshape the area and conceal scars.
Sarcoma
A sarcoma is a cancerous tumor that has formed in the muscles, tendons, fat, blood vessels, or other soft tissues of the body (lymph nodes, nerves, and tissues around joints). The legs, stomach, arms and trunk are the most common sarcoma sites. Sarcomas are typically treated with surgery using one of several different procedures. Mohs microsurgery involves cutting the tumor from the skin in thin layers and examining it through a microscope. Surgeons continue to remove layers of the skin until cancer cells are no longer visible. Wide local excisions involve removing the tumor and non-cancerous tissue that surrounds it.  Limb-sparing surgery involves removing a tumor in an arm or leg without amputation; lost tissue and bone is replaced with a graft (removing tissue or bone from another area of the body) or an implant. Amputation surgeries involve removing all or part of an affected arm or leg. 
Lymph Node Biopsy / Dissection
A lymphadenectomy or lymph node dissection is a surgical procedure designed to remove lymph nodes so that they can be microscopically examined for the presence of cancer cells. Lymph nodes are glands that help the body fight viruses, bacteria and other causes of illness. Often, cancer grows and spreads from a tumor to surrounding lymph nodes. A regional lymphadenectomy procedure involves removing some of the lymph nodes in the area of the tumor.  A radical lymphadenectomy procedure involves removing most or all of the lymph nodes near the tumor.